Bagaimana menghadapi test toefl bagian structure (bagian 1 seri toefl preparation program)

Word order

Dalam susunan kata ada aturan yang perlu diperhatikan. Coba perhatikan  pada sekelompok   Compound nouns  yang dapat di bentuk dari beberapa kata berikut:

Noun	+	Noun	toothpaste
Adjective	+	Noun	monthly ticket
Verb+ing	+	Noun	swimming pool
Preposition	+	Noun	underground
Noun	+	Verb	haircut
Noun	+	Preposition	hanger on
Adjective	+	Verb	dry-cleaning
Preposition	+	Verb	output

Perhatikan cara penulisanya:
1. Sometimes the two words are joined together.
Example: tooth + paste = toothpaste | bed + room = bedroom
2. Sometimes they are joined using a hyphen.
Example: check-in
3. Sometimes they appear as two separate words.
Example: full moon

Perhatikan Juga  contoh berikut ini:

2-year education one-week vacation A-frame African American Air Force all-city tournament attorney general blood pressure blue-green dress bull's-eye database daughter-in-law English-speaking person ex-wife first-rate accommodations football grandmother grant-in-aid great-aunt

half sister high-level officials I-beam Italian-American Italian-American club jack-in-the-box lifelike light year mayor-elect salesperson secretary-treasurer stockbroker T-square threefold up-to-the-minute V-formation vice president well-made clothes worldwide inflation

Sequence of determiners/ runtutan peletakan determiner

Determiner di bagi menjadi Prediterminer, determiner , dan post determiner

Intensifiers                 +   Pre-determiner          +     determiner                +    post determiner

Only a few above the water

Even the triple appropriation

Contoh lain dalam noun Phrase

Many more book

Several other people

The first few years

Both the girls

Only two more napkins

A dozen more roses

Every other seat

The first two men

In a few more days

Contoh dalam soal TOEFL

1.        The different colors of ----- the different temperatures of the stars ‘surfaces.

(A)      the stars indicate

(B)      indicating stars

(C)      the indication that the stars

(D)      stars indicating that

2.        The novels of Constance Fennimore Woolson, -----, have special interest for their regional settings.

(A)      in a nineteenth-century writer

(B)      a nineteenth-century write

(C)      the nineteenth-century writing

(D)      wrote about the nineteenth century

3.        Radio, -----, developed from the theories and experiments of many people.

(A)      like other many inventions

(B)      like many other inventions

(C)      inventions like many other

(D)      many other like inventions

4.        If Earth did not rotate, differences in air pressure would be -----, with winds blowing from high-pressure to low-pressure areas.

(A)      primary air flow to cause

(B)      the primary cause pf air flow

(C)      they primarily cause air flow

(D)      air flow has a primary cause

5.        The ice of a glacier that reaches the sea breaks off -----.

(A)      and forming icebergs

(B)      to form icebergs

(C)      icebergs have formed

(D)      when the formation of icebergs

6.        The ancient Egyptian water clock required sophisticated calibration, since water dripped faster from its bowl when ----- and the pressure was greater.

(A)      the full bowl

(B)      was the bowl full

(C)      bowl full

(D)      the bowl was full

7.        The common barn owl, one of ten species of barn owls found in North America, is also called the monkey faced owl because its heart-shaped face looks ----- of a monkey.

(A)      like much that

(B)      like that much

(C)      much like that

(D)      that much like

8.        Through elaborate use of symbols. Language enables people ----- and to communicate about objects and event that are distant in time and place

(A)      who express complex ideas

(B)      complex ideas expressing

(C)      to express complex ideas

(D)      complex ideas are expressive

9.        Through elaborate use of symbols. Language enables people ----- and to communicate about objects and event that are distant in time and place

(A)      who express complex ideas

(B)      complex ideas expressing

(C)      to express complex ideas

(D)      complex ideas are expressive

10.     Invented in the 1780’s threshing machines enabled farmers

To process grain _____ they could by hand.

(A)      Than much faster

(B)      Much than faster

(C)      Much faster than

(D)      Faster than much

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 Target Words Today

Nature

1.  accuracy

2. adjacent

3.   compress

4.   feasibly

5.   gut

                         6.   integrally

                         7.  overlap

                         8.  retain

                         9. seep

                          10.  structure

Definitions and Samples

1.    Accuracy n. Precision; exactness

The research department checks all our articles for accuracy          of facts before we print them.

Usage tips Accuracy   is often followed by of.

Parts of speech  accurate adj,            accurately adv

2.      Adjacent adj.   Next to

Even though the villages are adjacent         to each other, their residents

speak different languages.

Usage tips Adjacent    is often followed by to.

Parts of speech           adjacency n

3.       Compress v. To press together

To make the foundation stronger, they compressed            the soil before

pouring the concrete.

Parts of speech  compression n,         compressed adj

4.      Feasibly adv.            Practically; in a way that can work

Scientists can’t feasibly          bring energy from deep ocean currents to

where it is needed—on land.

Parts of speech                   feasibility n,          feasible adj

5.       Gut v. To empty or hollow out

In order to remodel the house, we must first   gut      it and throw away

all the old fixtures.

Usage tips Gut also means “the stomach of an animal”;this verb

makes an image, that the inside of a building is like the inside of an animal.

Parts of speech         gut n,      gutted adj

6  integrally adv.  In a whole or complete manner

Writing and . spelling are taught integrally    as part of the reading

program.

Parts of speech integrate v, integrity n, integral n,      integral adj

7.    Overlap v. To lie over part of something; to have elements in common

One of the two assistants will likely get fired, since most of their du-

ties in the office          overlap.

Parts of speech overlap n

8.       Retain v.       To keep or hold

The rain fell so heavily that the banks of the river could not retain

all the water.

Parts of speech   retainer n,     retention n

9.       Seep v. To pass slowly for a long time, as a liquid or gas might

As the containers rusted, the toxic waste seeped into the ground.

Usage tips Seep is often followed by into or through.

10.   Structure n.   Something constructed, such as a building

Most companies have a social structure    that can’t be understood by

outsiders.

Parts of speech                 structure v,            structural adj, structurally adv

Complete each sentence by filling in the blank with the best word from the list .
Change the form of the word if necessary.

 Use each word only once.

Accuracy   adjacent  feasibly     integrally      structure

1. She had no idea how they could __________ take a big vacation and remodel their house in the same year.

2.  Daily meditation is used __________ with medication and massage as part of the recovery plan.

3. The rival politicians were raised in __________ counties.

4.  If you build a __________ next to this river, you must be sure it is safe against floods.

5. Once he ran for public office, he understood the importance of checking public statements for __________.

Find the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the opposite of each word in the left-hand column. Write the letter in the blank!

1.               Seep           (a) fill

2.               Gut             (b) separate

3.               Retain         (c) stay contained

4.               Compress   (d) loosen

5.               Overlap       (e) throw away